~Extrinsic Vs Intrinsic Motivation. Which one is the BEST?~

  which one is the best?

Intrinsic motivation is also known as internal motivation. Intrinsically motivated activities are ones for which there is no apparent reward except the activity itself. People seem to engage in the activities for their own sake and not because they lead to an extrinsic reward...Intrinsically motivated behaviors are aimed at bringing about certain internally rewarding consequences, namely feeling of competence and self satisfaction, (Deci,1975)

Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs.

Abraham Maslow (1970) claimed that intrinsic motivation is superior than extrinsic motivation. According to his hierarchy of needs, one is motivated to achieve his or her self-actualization where one realizes his fullest potential once he or she fulfills the basic needs, safety and communal needs as well as needs of esteem. So, one will strive to achieve his goal because of his own sake no matter what extrinsic rewards are present. Meanwhile, Jerome Bruner (1962) is praising the autonomy of "self-reward" which is the best way to help adults and children to free from the control of rewards and punishments. 

Extrinsic motivation is also known as external motivation. Human beings are driven to act or behave by the anticipation of some rewards. Examples of external rewards are praises, grades and positive feedback as well as fear of punishments. As the result, it helps students to see the reasons on why they do something and its relevance on long term goals especially in learning English. However, extrinsic motivation also bring negative impacts to students which are (1) turns them to become dependent on short-term rewards, (2) train them into a bad habit of looking for teacher only when the rewards are present.

SO, WHICH ONE IS THE BEST???

In my opinion, both intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are useful in teaching especially in the context of second language learning. This is because students need more support,encouragement  and drive to initiate their interest in learning English. So, the teachers can use both motivations in classroom learning.Maybe teacher can give positive feedback (extrinsic) and at the same time, teach strategies to make learning enjoyable so that they are looking forward to learn for their own sake (intrinsic). So,here there are some suggestions :

(1) Teacher provides verbal praises and encouragement for short-term rewards.

(2)Encourage students to reward each other with compliments.

(3) Teacher displays enthusiasm and excitement in class

(4) Tell them the long-term rewards in learning English as second language.

(5) Give opportunity to students to "learn" language for their own sake.

(6) Encourage healthy competition among students to achieve self satisfaction.

You may watch this video and have better understanding on Extrinsic and Intrinsic motivations :)